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Wang Ganchang () (May 28, 1907 – December 10, 1998) was a nuclear physicist from China. He was one of the initiators of research in China in nuclear physics, cosmic rays and particle physics. Wang figured among the top leaders, pioneers and scientists of the Chinese nuclear deterrent program. He was a member of the Chinese Academy of Science and a member of the Chinese Communist party. In 1930, Wang first proposed the use of a cloud chamber to study a new type of high-energy ray induced by the bombardment of beryllium with α particles, an experiment conducted one year later by the English physicist James Chadwick, who thus discovered a new type of particle, the neutron, for which he won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics. Wang first proposed the use of beta-capture to detect the neutrino in 1941.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v61/i1-2/p97_1 )〕 James Allen employed his suggestion and found evidence for the existence of the neutrino in 1942. Frederick Reines and Clyde Cowan detected the neutrino via the inverse beta-decay reaction in 1956, for which, forty years later, they were awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics. Wang also led a group to discover the anti-sigma minus hyperon particle at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia in 1959.〔"(JOINT INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH )".〕 After May 1950, Wang became researcher and vice-director of the Institute of Modern Physics (中国科学院近代物理研究所). He was vice-director of the Soviet Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. From spring 1969, he was vice-director of the Ninth Research Institute (二机部第九研究院), predecessor of the China Academy of Engineering Physics. He was director of the China Institute of Atomic Energy (二机部副部长兼原子能研究所). He was deputy director of the Nuclear industry Science and Technology Commission (核工业部科技委). He was second vice-chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology. He was vice-chairman of the Chinese Physical Society (中国物理学会). He was first chairman of the Chinese Nuclear Society (中国核学会). He was a member of the 3rd through 16th National People's Congress Standing Committees of the Chinese government. In 2000, the Chinese Physical Society established five prizes in recognition of five pioneers of modern physics in China. The Wang Ganchang Prize is awarded to physicists in particle physics and inertial confinement fusion. == Early years == Wang Ganchang was born in Changshu County, Jiangsu Province (江苏省常熟县支塘镇枫塘湾), on May 28, 1907. In 1924, he graduated from the Shanghai Pudong High School (上海浦东中学). He then studied English for six months and car driving and repair for six months. He passed the entrance examinations for Qinghua University in August 1928. He graduated from the Physics Department of Qinghua University in June 1929. He was an assistant professor at Qinghua University from 1929 to 1930. In his thesis "''On the daily change of radon gas''" (《清华园周围氡气的强度及每天的变化》), he was the first Chinese to publish on atmospheric research and radioactive experiments. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wang Ganchang」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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